Indian Game - Kho Kho

Kho-Kho ranks as one of the most popular traditional sports in India. The origin of Kho-Kho is difficult to trace, but many historians believe, that it is a modified form of 'Run Chase', which in its simplest form involves chasing and touching a person. With its origins in Maharashtra, Kho-Kho in ancient times, was played on 'raths' or chariots, and was known as Rathera.

Like all Indian games, it is simple, inexpensive and enjoyable. It does, however, demand physical fitness, strength, speed and stamina, and a certain amount of ability. Dodging, feinting and bursts of controlled speed make this game quite thrilling. To catch by pursuit - to chase, rather than just run - is the capstone of Kho-Kho. The game develops qualities such as obedience, discipline, sportsmanship, and loyalty between team members.

 The rules of the game were framed in the beginning of the 20th century. At Gymkhana Poona, a Committee was formed in 1914, to frame its rules. The first ever rules on Kho-Kho were published from Gymkhana Baroda, in 1924. In 1959-60, the first national Kho-Kho championship was organised in Vijayawada (Andhra Pradesh).

How the Kho-Kho game is played?

• Each team consists of twelve players, but only nine players take the field for a contest.
• A match consists of two innings. An innings consists of chasing and running turns of 7 minutes each.
• Eight members of the chasing team sit in their eight squares on the central lane, alternately facing the opposite direction, while the ninth member is an active chaser, and stands at either of the posts, ready to begin the pursuit.
• Members of the chasing team have to put their opponent out, touching them with their palms, but without committing a foul.
• All the action in Kho-Kho is provided by the defenders, who try to play out the 7 minutes time, and the chasers who try to dismiss them.
• A defender can be dismissed in three ways: 
  • If he is touched by an active chaser with his palm without committing a foul,
  • If he goes out of the limits on his own,
  • If he enters the limit late
    • Defenders enter the limit, in batches of three.
    • After the third and last defender of batch is out, the next batch must enter the limits, before a 'kho' is given by the successful active chaser.
    • Defenders have full freedom of movement on both sides of the central lane, but the active chaser cannot change the direction to which he is committed. He cannot cross the central lane. An active chaser can change position with a seated chaser, by touching him from behind by palm, and uttering the word 'kho' loudly, and simultaneously, chase or attack is build up through a series of 'khos' as the chase continues with a relay of chasers.
    • At the end of the innings there is an interval of 5 min
    • utes and an interval of 2 minutes, in between the turns.
    • Each side alternates between chasing and defense.
    • Kho-Kho can be played by men, women, and children of all ages.
    • The game requires a very small piece of evenly surfaced ground, rectangular in shape, and 27m by 15m. The only equipment required is the two poles.
    • The game lasts no more than 37 minutes

The Government has initiated the following awards for the game: Arjuna Award, Eklavya Award for men, Rani Laxmi Bai award for women, Veer Abhimanyu award for boys under 18, and Janaki award for girls under 16.